Boards Botswana Land

Despite government policies at the time which made itdifficult for private companies to compete and prosper in Poland,Kita went ahead with his plan and set up a small workshop in hisgarage to manufacture printed circuit boards used in computersand other electronic products. ...

After several years of struggle, Akita's reputation andsales grew to the point where the company could afford to moveout of its makeshift garage headquarters into a larger,better-equipped facility. By 1990, however, the company wasfacing acrisis. Deteriorating economic and political conditions in theSoviet Union meant most of his clients could no longer sell theirproducts -- which contained Akita's circuit boards -- to theirformer Soviet customers. Akita's sales and profits dropped, andsoaring interest rates in Poland made it difficult to obtain theworking capital needed to keep the business going. ... [Read More]

Background Notes Archive - International Organizations

U.S Department of State Background Notes: United Nations, October 1995 Bureau of Public Affairs BACKGROUND NOTES: UNITED NATIONS October 1995 Official Name: United Nations PROFILE Established: By charter signed in San Francisco, California, on June 26, 1945; effective October 24, 1945. Purposes: To maintain international peace and security; to achieve international cooperation in solving economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; to be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common ends. Members: 185. Official languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish. Principal organs: General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat. Budget (Calendar year 1995): $12.8 billion (U.S. share $2.8 billion). Components: UN regular assessed budget--$1.3 billion ... [Read More]

Zimbabwe

By July, according to a government land audit, approximately 17.2 percent of resettled land was allocated to women, although they comprised nearly 80 percent of the rural population. Married women who were allocated land were asked to register the land in their husband's names. ...

Although the Government's land reform program was supposed to have ended in 2002, the Government continued to designate farms and ranches for resettlement late in the year. There were numerous reports that government officials had acquired multiple farms and evicted previously resettled small-scale farmers from the land. The government-issued Utete Land Audit Report (the "Utete Report") recommended remedying situations where multiple new farms had been acquired and some cases were corrected; however, the Government continued taking additional land without regard to earlier commitments to allow farmers to keep one property. ... [Read More]

Background Notes Archive - International Organizations

U.S. Department of State Background Notes: United Nations, September 1997 Released by the Bureau of International Organization Affairs.Official Name: United NationsPROFILEEstablished: By charter signed in San Francisco, California, on June 26, 1945; effective October 24, 1945.Purposes: To maintain international peace and security; to achieve international cooperation in solving economic, social, cultural, and humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms; to be a center for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common ends.Members: 185.Official languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, Spanish.Principal organs: General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat.Budget (Calendar year 1996): $12.8 billion (U.S. share $2.8 billion). Components: UN regular assessed budget-$1.3 billion (U.S. share-$305 million); UN peacekeeping-$ ... [Read More]

Multilateral Activities

Inadequate resources for preventing and detecting money laundering activities.In deciding whether a jurisdiction should be removed from the NCCT list, the FATF membership must be satisfied that a jurisdiction has addressed the previously identified deficiencies. The FATF relies on its collective judgment and on-site visits, and attaches particular importance to reforms in the areas of criminal law, financial supervision, customer identification, suspicious activity reporting, and international co-operation. Legislation and regulations must have been enacted and have come into effect before removal from the list may be considered. Additionally, the FATF seeks to ensure that the jurisdiction is implementing needed reforms. Thus, information related to institutional infrastructure, the filing and u ... [Read More]

Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe is a republic in which President Robert Mugabe and his Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (ZANU-PF) have dominated the executive and legislative branches of the Government since independence in 1980. Although the Constitution allows for multiple parties, opposition parties and their supporters were subjected to significant intimidation and violence by the ruling party and government security forces, and financial restrictions continued to be imposed on the opposition. In 1999 the country's first viable opposition party emerged, the Movement for Democratic Change (MDC), which won 57 out of 120 seats in the 2000 parliamentary elections. The March presidential election was preceded and followed by a government-sanctioned campaign of violence directed towards supporters and potential supporters of the opposition. Although the voting process itself generally was peaceful, most election observers agreed that there ... [Read More]

Multilateral Activities

In June 2003, membership in the FATF expanded from 31 to 33 jurisdictions--with the addition of South Africa and Russia--and includes two regional organizations. FATF members collectively represent the major financial centers of North America, South America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Pacific. The FATF member delegations are drawn from a wide range of disciplines, including experts from Ministries of Finance, Justice, Interior and Foreign Affairs; financial supervisory authorities; and law enforcement agencies. Argentina, Australia, Austria, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Denmark, European Commission, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Gulf Co-operation Council, Hong Kong China, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, Mexico, Kingdom of the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Russian Federation, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom and the United States are members of FATF. ... [Read More]