American In Influence Life Samoa
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Hawaiian Airlines is the only airline providing commercial air transportation connecting American Samoa with Honolulu. Samoa Air provides services within American and Western Samoa and to Fiji, Niue and Tonga. Polynesian Airlines provides service to American Samoa, Western Samoa, and the Cook Islands. Air Nauru services American Samoa, Western Samoa, Niue, and the Cook Islands. Shipping agencies provide containerized cargo transportation to and from American Samoa. ... [Read More]
Samoa (11/04)
In July 1997 the Constitution was amended to change the country's name from Western Samoa to Samoa. Samoa had been known simply as Samoa in the United Nations since joining the organization in 1976. The neighboring U.S. territory of American Samoa protested the move, feeling that the change diminished its own Samoan identity. American Samoans still use the terms Western Samoa and Western Samoans. ... Migrants from Southeast Asia arrived in the Samoan islands more than 2,000 years ago and from there settled the rest of Polynesia further to the east. Contact with Europeans began in the early 1700s but did not intensify until the arrival of English missionaries and traders in the 1830s. At the turn of the 20th century, the Samoan islands were split into two sections. The eastern islands became territories of the United States in 1904 and today are known as American Samoa. The western islands became known as Western Samoa (now just Samoa), passing from German control to New Zealand in 1914. New Zealand administered Western Samoa under the auspices of the League of Nations and then as a UN trusteeship until independence in 1962. Western Samoa was the first Pacific Island country to gain its independence. ... [Read More]
Samoa - To the Field and Back - Margaret Mead: Human Nature and the Power of Culture (Library of Congress Exhibition)
F reeman had corresponded with Mead during her lifetime and questioned her on some of her methods and results in Samoa. He argued that Mead had erred in her Samoan work and that she misunderstood the culture because she wanted to provide her professor Franz Boas with information to demonstrate his view of the importance of culture. Among other criticisms, Freeman argued that Mead ignored violence in Samoan life, did not have a sufficient background in--or give enough emphasis to--the influence of biology on behavior, did not spend enough time in Samoa, and was not familiar enough with the Samoan language. Freeman's charges did not go unchallenged. Other researchers have argued that he overemphasized the violent and competitive aspects of Samoan life, quoted Mead selectively, and studied a different part of Samoa at a later time period. Freeman subsequently published other books and articles on Mead's Samoan researches, most notably The Fateful Hoaxing of Margaret Mead (1999). In tha ... [Read More]
CIA - The World Factbook -- Bhutan
In 1865, Britain and Bhutan signed the Treaty of Sinchulu, under which Bhutan would receive an annual subsidy in exchange for ceding some border land. Under British influence, a monarchy was set up in 1907; three years later, a treaty was signed whereby the British agreed not to interfere in Bhutanese internal affairs and Bhutan allowed Britain to direct its foreign affairs. This role was assumed by independent India after 1947. Two years later, a formal Indo-Bhutanese accord returned the areas of Bhutan annexed by the British, formalized the annual subsidies the country received, and defined India's responsibilities in defense and foreign relations. A refugee issue of some 100,000 Bhutanese in Nepal remains unresolved; 90% of the refugees are housed in seven United Nations Office of the High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) camps. ... [Read More]
CIA - The World Factbook -- Holy See (Vatican City)
none (exclusive of influence exercised by church officers) ... elections: pope elected for life by the College of Cardinals; election last held 19 April 2005 (next to be held after the death of the current pope); secretary of state appointed by the pope ... [Read More]
John Gittelsohn, "U.S. Sends Strong Message to Those Who Traffic in Human Lives" Global Issues, June 2003
American Samoa had several attractions for garment makers like Daewoosa. As a U.S. territory, its exports were not subject to the quotas and duties that restrict many American textile imports. The minimum wage was $2.55 -- half that of the U.S. mainland -- but the clothing still was allowed to use a "Made in USA" label. Among Lee's early customers: Sears, Roebuck and Co. and J.C. Penney, both major department store chains. Another advantage of American Samoa is that it was far from the eyes of the U.S. Labor Department and other monitors that are supposed to regulate workplace quality. ... [Read More]
CIA - The World Factbook -- Malawi
the executive exerts considerable influence over the legislature ... party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands ... note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.) ... [Read More]
CIA - The World Factbook -- Honduras
international: country code - 504; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System ... note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2005 est.) ... [Read More]
US Department Of State Post Report
Although Samoa (formerly Western Samoa) became independent in January 1962, it did not adopt universal suffrage until 1990. One must still be a “matai” (chief) to run for office. There are over 25,000 registered matais in Samoa, but only 5% of them are women. Most Samoans support the matai system. Samoans owe respect and obedience to their matai in family and communal affairs, and the matai in turn have well-defined responsibilities toward their family groups. If these responsibilities are not met, the matai can be removed. The position of the head of state, known as the (“O le Ao o le Malo”) is mostly titular. However, the holder has the power to appoint or remove the Prime Minister and to grant pardons. The legislature must approve all official acts. The 49-seat “fono” is made up of 47 members of parliament headed by a speaker. The remaining two seats are held by members elected by a small body of naturalized Samoans and, in theor ... [Read More]
Background Notes Archive - East Asia and the Pacific
U.S. Department of StateBackground Notes: Western Samoa, June 1996Bureau of East Asian and Pacific AffairsPrepared and released by the Bureau of East Asian and Pacific Affairs,Office of Pacific Island AffairsJune 1996Official Name: Independent State of Western SamoaPROFILEGeographyArea: 2,934 sq. km. (1,133 sq. mi.), about the size of Rhode Island.Cities: Capital--Apia (pop. 35,000).Terrain: MountainousClimate: Tropical.PeopleNationality: Noun and adjective--Western Samoan(s).Population (19991: 161,000.Annual growth rate (1986-91): 0.5%.Ethnic groups: Samoan, European-Samoan, Chinese-Samoan.Religion: Christian.Languages: Samoan, English.Education: Years compulsory--ages 5-14. Elementary school attendance--85%. Literacy--70%.Health: Infant mortality rate--19/1,000 live births. Life expectancy--64 yrs.Work force: Agriculture--90%.GovernmentType: Parliamentary democracy.Independence: January 1,1962.Constitution: January 1, 1962.Branches: Executive--head of state. Legislative--49-member ... [Read More]
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